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This is a short guide on getting a pfSense 2.1.2+ system to connect to AAISP as a dual stack router and firewall (Note however this is just the way I have setup my system, and should be used only as guidance) .
Before you start, it would be wise to read [[IPv6#IPv6 on AAISP Broadband|IPv6 on AAISP]], which explains how IPv6 traffic will be routed to you by AAISP. Key point is that you should expect one /128 address to be assigned to your router, additional subnets will be routed to this address.
= Introduction =
At the time of writing this wiki page, the pfSense version used was 2.1.2 and it is recommended that you use that version (or a later one) as 2.1.0 and 2.1.1 are affected by heartbleed and some
Now, although pfSense 2.1 introduces a lot a very interesting new capabilities, it is admittedly still a bit buggy when it comes to
Finally, please note that this was tested on an A&A ADSL line connected via TalkTalk Wholesale. I would expect it to work the same when behind BT Wholesale, but your mileage may vary.
= Hardware =
As described in the previous version of this document (See [[
It should also work similarly well with other ADSL/VDSL modem as long as you can push
On the PC side, you need at least two interfaces, one for LAN and one for WAN. This can be physical interfaces (easiest option) or can also be done by using 802.1Q VLANs to make one NIC into several.
= Software =
As, indicated, at the time of writing (
= Addressing =
For IPv4, note down the single /32 address and additional subnet range that you should have been assigned. The single address is the router's external address and the subnet is your LAN.
AAISP will supply provider address space. For obvious reasons, this cannot be moved between suppliers. You may wish to consider NAT configuration, which will allow you to use a private address internally. This will avoid the need to readdress should you move supplies, and will also make multi provider WAN easier to deploy, see [https://doc.pfsense.org/index.php/Multi-WAN_for_IPv6 Multi-WAN for IPv6 on PFSense documentation site]
= Configuration =
The good thing is that a UK variant of the [[Vigor 120]] modem will typically works just fine with its factory settings (so an easy way to get it quickly ready could be to just hard reset the thing).
You don't need to enter your A&A username and password there as this will be done in pfSense (when setting
Now, it could still be an idea to check the settings and change the default password. In which case, just plug the Vigor into a PC, point a browser at it (typically will be listening on 192.168.1.1) and follow the user docs. If you check the web front end, make sure that it gets SHOWTIME for ADSL (otherwise it means you have a problem with the ADSL connection to start with).
Typically you will be trying to setup the modem in bridge mode so that it receives the
[[File:
''Note: Interestingly, I tried the RFC1483 mode and it seems to work ok too (although when I do, pfSense then seems to be taking to an Ericsson box instead of the usual Cisco one).''
== Dlink DSL-320B ==
I also tried with a Dlink DSL-320B modem and it worked fine too although it had to be setup in RFC1483 IP LLC bridge mode and the default VCI number had to be changed to 38 (there did not seem to be any
Now, even in bridge mode, it will still be an idea to change the default admin password and disable management services on the WAN side.
[[File:
''Note: The default LAN address was changed to 192.168.100.1 in order to avoid any potential conflicts with the internal network that is behind pfSense.''
Follow one of the many guides out there. It can be tricky to work out which interface is which, so plug one in, configure it at the initial console based interface setup stage, give it an IPv4 address from your LAN range and set the mask. Then try and ping it after putting another address from the range temporarily on a PC or whatever. If it doesn't work then move the LAN cable into another NIC and see if that works. Once LAN is sorted, fire up a browser and point it at the LAN address and carry on the configuration from there. Username: admin, password: pfsense. I recommend you change the password, move the web GUI port to another port and enable SSL.
The default firewall settings do not allow inbound access at all (for any protocol). Previous version of pfSense 2.1.2 also used to just discard [[IPv6]] traffic whatever its direction, but this is not true anymore and it should now be processed similarly to IPv4 (firewall rules, etc.). However, this is not always the case when doing an upgrade, so it is worthwhile to check that setting.
That setting is available in the page "System: Advanced: Networking":
[[File:
Once this is checked, proceed to setup the WAN interface and then update the LAN settings to enable [[IPv6]].
Then click on the WAN interface name (i.e. click on "WAN" if you have called it like that) and enable it.
For the IPv4 configuration type select "
Ensure that "Use IPv4 connectivity as parent interface" is selected.
In the
You should get a configuration screen similar to this:
[[File:Interface Setup
Note that you should not use the prefix delegation configuration; AAISP will issue you a single /128 and then route additional subnets to this address.
Finally, click on the save button.
''Note: In previous versions of pfSense (2.1.0 and 2.1.1) this was a bit buggy and pfSense was getting mixed up in the
=== Updating the LAN settings ===
You should end up with a configuration screen similar to this one:
[[File:Interface Setup
Finally, click the save button.
=== Enable DHCPv6 ===
At this stage your
Your LAN network will in turn use the [[IPv6]] range you have been assigned by AAISP (remember, in [[IPv6]] there is no NAT and the like, all your devices are directly routable and this is why the [[IPv6]] range you have been given applies inside the LAN, and not outside. This is also why your
Now we had to use a bit of that range for the LAN address of the router itself (the 2001:8b0:XXXX:YYYY::1 address set previously). So whilst we are at it, let's reserve some of the address for static use (i.e. not DHCP6). The easiest is to say that all addresses in the 2001:8b0:XXXX:YYYY:0000:://80 range are statically assigned. This means the static range has 2^48 addresses available, which could seem a bit excessive, but who cares, with [[IPv6]] we have more addresses than atoms in the universe :-)
So, select "Services -> DHCPv6 Server/RA" and then enter the appropriate information. Once done and saved, the screen should look like this:
[[File:Services
I suspect there will be no real need to reserve a part of this range as if you need to create fancy subnetworks then you just need to use another one of your /64 blocks (and you have been given 65536 of them, that should be enough!). But in any case, pfSense allows to subdivide the block further if you need to (see the "subnets" options).
The configuration screen will be similar to this (don't forget to save!):
[[File:Services
Once this is done, you should see that your machine has now acquired a nice and shinny new routable [[IPv6]] address. In fact, it will often acquire more than one depending of the RA mode you have selected and the privacy modes activated by the client machine.
Yeaahhh!! Victory!
[[File:Client
''Note: On some old hardware/OS it is not impossible you could have to unplug/plug the network cable for the machine to pick up the change.''
=== Check the firewall rules for outgoing from LAN ===
If I remember correctly, pfSense will by default create the outgoing rules for the LAN (especially if you used the wizard). But just in case, go into the "Firewall -> Rules" page and check that you have at least the following entries:
[[File:Default
=== Fix the
The problem is that the
Arghhhh!!!!!
Now, an easy way to fix this is to force pfSense to use specific DNS servers. This is done in the "System -> General Setup" page. Ideally you should set your ISP DNS server in there and/or some public ones like Google (8.8.8.8) or OpenDNS (208.67.220.220).
[[File:
=== Testing internet access ===
Although you can now go on the internet fine, If you look at the RRD graphs or consult the gateway status page you will notice the status is either marked as offline or unknown.
This is a case because the script currently configuring apinger (the process that monitors the gateways) is buggy and currently does not cope very well with
Another problem is that for [[IPv6]] the AAISP gateway will currently not reply to pings on its local link address (and it is the one used for routing the traffic, so it is reachable!). So you have to manually set the monitor address to be 2001:8b0:0:81::51bb:51bb (which is the [[IPv6]] address of clueless.aa.net.uk). But even that won't initially work because even if you set the routable address, apinger is told to use the local link address as the source, meaning you will never get the response...
(This seems to be fixed in 2.3.3, however you will still need to configure the monitoring address to [[Server List|bottomless]]. It's also possible simply to disable monitoring if you do not have multiple IPv6 lines coming into the PFSense box)
So it is necessary to change /etc/inc/gwlb.inc with these two fixes and then it will work. These fixes have been added to pfSense (See https://github.com/pfsense/pfsense/pull/1098) so they will make it in a future version but in the meantime they are described here: https://forum.pfsense.org/index.php?topic=69533.msg411732#msg411732
Once this is done, you will just have to go in "System->Routing" and then edit the WAN_DHCP6 gateway settings to make them as follow:
[[File:WAN
If successful in the script and settings changes you will then get a Gateway Status screen similar to this:
[[File:Status
Note: Sometimes, after link failure, the script will still fail to setup apinger properly (especially for [[IPv6]]. IPv4 will typically be ok). This seems to be caused by some timing issues whereby pfSense calls the script too early. Fixing this will probably require a more serious rework of that area in pfSense.
[[Category:
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